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author | davidvanzessen |
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date | Wed, 26 Jul 2017 10:24:49 -0400 |
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<html> <head> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered)"> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} .MsoChpDefault {font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} .MsoPapDefault {margin-bottom:10.0pt; line-height:115%;} @page WordSection1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} --> </style> </head> <body lang=EN-US> <div class=WordSection1> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpFirst style='text-align:justify'><b><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Info table</span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>This table contains information on different characteristics of SHM. For all characteristics information can be found for all sequences or only sequences of a certain (sub)class. All results are based on the sequences that passed the filter settings chosen on the start page of the SHM & CSR pipeline and only include details on the analysed region as determined by the setting of the sequence starts at filter. All data in this table can be downloaded via the “downloads” tab.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mutation frequency:</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><a name="OLE_LINK83"></a><a name="OLE_LINK82"></a><a name="OLE_LINK81"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>These values give information on the level of SHM. </span></a><a name="OLE_LINK22"></a><a name="OLE_LINK21"></a><a name="OLE_LINK20"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>More information on the values found in healthy individuals of different ages can be found in </span></a><a name="OLE_LINK15"></a><a name="OLE_LINK14"></a><a name="OLE_LINK13"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>IJspeert and van Schouwenburg et al, PMID: 27799928</span></a></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Number of mutations:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of total mutations / the number of sequenced bases (the % of mutated bases).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Median number of mutations:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the median % of SHM of all sequences.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Patterns of SHM:</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><a name="OLE_LINK72"></a><a name="OLE_LINK71"></a><a name="OLE_LINK70"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>These values give insights into the targeting and patterns of SHM. These values can give insight into the repair pathways used to repair the U:G mismatches introduced by AID. </span></a><a name="OLE_LINK40"></a><a name="OLE_LINK39"></a><a name="OLE_LINK38"></a><a name="OLE_LINK60"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>More information on the values found in healthy individuals of different ages can be found in IJspeert and van Schouwenburg et al, PMID: 27799928</span></a></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Transitions:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of transition mutations / the number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are transitions). Transition mutations are C>T, T>C, A>G, G>A. </span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Transversions:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of transversion mutations / the number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are transitions). Transversion mutations are C>A, C>G, T>A, T>G, A>T, A>C, G>T, G>C.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Transitions at GC:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK2"></a><a name="OLE_LINK1">Shows the number of transitions at GC locations (C>T, G>A) / the total number of mutations at GC locations (the percentage of mutations at GC locations that are transitions).</a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Targeting of GC:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK7"></a><a name="OLE_LINK6"></a><a name="OLE_LINK3">Shows the number of mutations at GC locations / the total number of mutations (the percentage of total mutations that are at GC locations).</a> </span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Transitions at AT:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of transitions at AT locations (T>C, A>G) / the total number of mutations at AT locations (the percentage of mutations at AT locations that are transitions).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Targeting of AT:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of mutations at AT locations / the total number of mutations (the percentage of total mutations that are at AT locations).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>RGYW:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK28"></a><a name="OLE_LINK27"></a><a name="OLE_LINK26">Shows the number of mutations that are in a RGYW motive / The number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are in a RGYW motive). </a><a name="OLE_LINK62"></a><a name="OLE_LINK61">RGYW motives are known to be preferentially targeted by AID </a></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(R=Purine, Y=pyrimidine, W = A or T).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>WRCY:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK34"></a><a name="OLE_LINK33">Shows the number of mutations that are in a </a><a name="OLE_LINK32"></a><a name="OLE_LINK31"></a><a name="OLE_LINK30"></a><a name="OLE_LINK29">WRCY</a> motive / The number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are in a WRCY motive). WRCY motives are known to be preferentially targeted by AID </span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(R=Purine, Y=pyrimidine, W = A or T).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>WA:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK37"></a><a name="OLE_LINK36"></a><a name="OLE_LINK35">Shows the number of mutations that are in a WA motive / The number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are in a WA motive). It is described that polymerase eta preferentially makes errors at WA motives </a></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(W = A or T).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>TW:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of mutations that are in a TW motive / The number of total mutations (the percentage of mutations that are in a TW motive). It is described that polymerase eta preferentially makes errors at TW motives </span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(W = A or T).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Antigen selection:</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>These values give insight into antigen selection. It has been described that during antigen selection, there is selection against replacement mutations in the FR regions as these can cause instability of the B-cell receptor. In contrast replacement mutations in the CDR regions are important for changing the affinity of the B-cell receptor and therefore there is selection for this type of mutations. Silent mutations do not alter the amino acid sequence and therefore do not play a role in selection. More information on the values found in healthy individuals of different ages can be found in IJspeert and van Schouwenburg et al, PMID: 27799928</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>FR R/S:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK43"></a><a name="OLE_LINK42"></a><a name="OLE_LINK41">Shows the number of replacement mutations in the FR regions / The number of silent mutations in the FR regions (the number of replacement mutations in the FR regions divided by the number of silent mutations in the FR regions)</a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>CDR R/S:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of replacement mutations in the CDR regions / The number of silent mutations in the CDR regions (the number of replacement mutations in the CDR regions divided by the number of silent mutations in the CDR regions)</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Number of sequences nucleotides:</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>These values give information on the number of sequenced nucleotides.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Nt in FR:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <a name="OLE_LINK46"></a><a name="OLE_LINK45"></a><a name="OLE_LINK44">Shows the number of sequences bases that are located in the FR regions / The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that are present in the FR regions).</a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Nt in CDR:</span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Shows the number of sequenced bases that are located in the CDR regions / <a name="OLE_LINK48"></a><a name="OLE_LINK47">The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that are present in the CDR regions).</a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>A: </span></i><a name="OLE_LINK51"></a><a name="OLE_LINK50"></a><a name="OLE_LINK49"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Shows the total number of sequenced adenines / The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that were adenines).</span></a></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>C: </span></i><a name="OLE_LINK53"></a><a name="OLE_LINK52"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Shows the total number of sequenced cytosines / The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that were cytosines).</span></a></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>T: </span></i><a name="OLE_LINK57"></a><a name="OLE_LINK56"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Shows the total number of sequenced </span></a><a name="OLE_LINK55"></a><a name="OLE_LINK54"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>thymines</span></a><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> / The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that were thymines).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>G: </span></i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Shows the total number of sequenced <a name="OLE_LINK59"></a><a name="OLE_LINK58">guanine</a>s / The total number of sequenced bases (the percentage of sequenced bases that were guanines).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><a name="OLE_LINK69"><b><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Graphs</span></b></a></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><a name="OLE_LINK75"></a><a name="OLE_LINK74"></a><a name="OLE_LINK73"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>These graphs visualize information on the patterns and targeting of SHM and thereby give information into the repair pathways used to repair the U:G mismatches introduced by AID. The data represented in these graphs can be downloaded in the download tab. More information on the values found in healthy individuals of different ages can be found in IJspeert and van Schouwenburg et al, PMID: 27799928</span></a><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>. <a name="OLE_LINK85"></a><a name="OLE_LINK84"></a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Percentage of mutations in AID and pol eta motives</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Visualizes <a name="OLE_LINK80"></a><a name="OLE_LINK79"></a><a name="OLE_LINK78">for each (sub)class </a>the percentage of mutations that are present in AID (RGYW or WRCY) or polymerase eta motives (WA or TW) in the different subclasses </span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(R=Purine, Y=pyrimidine, W = A or T).</span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=NL style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Relative mutation patterns</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Visualizes for each (sub)class the distribution of mutations between mutations at AT locations and transitions or transversions at GC locations. </span></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpMiddle style='text-align:justify'><u><span lang=NL style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Absolute mutation patterns</span></u></p> <p class=MsoNormalCxSpLast style='text-align:justify'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Visualized for each (sub)class the percentage of sequenced AT and GC bases that are mutated. The mutations at GC bases are divided into transition and transversion mutations<a name="OLE_LINK77"></a><a name="OLE_LINK76">. </a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=NL style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Hanna IJspeert, Pauline A. van Schouwenburg, David van Zessen, Ingrid Pico-Knijnenburg, Gertjan J. Driessen, Andrew P. Stubbs, and Mirjam van der Burg (2016). </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Evaluation of the Antigen-Experienced B-Cell Receptor Repertoire in Healthy Children and Adults. In <i>Frontiers in Immunolog, 7, pp. e410-410. </i>[<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5066086/"><span style='color:windowtext'>doi:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00410</span></a>][<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5066086/"><span style='color:windowtext'>Link</span></a>]</span></p> </div> </body> </html>