0
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1 /* The MIT License
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2
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3 Copyright (c) 2008 Genome Research Ltd (GRL).
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4
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5 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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6 a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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7 "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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8 without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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9 distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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10 permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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11 the following conditions:
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12
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13 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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14 included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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15
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16 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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17 EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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18 MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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19 NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
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20 BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
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21 ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
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22 CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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23 SOFTWARE.
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24 */
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25
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26 /* Contact: Heng Li <lh3@sanger.ac.uk> */
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27
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28 /* Probably I will not do socket programming in the next few years and
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29 therefore I decide to heavily annotate this file, for Linux and
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30 Windows as well. -lh3 */
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31
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32 #include <time.h>
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33 #include <stdio.h>
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34 #include <ctype.h>
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35 #include <stdlib.h>
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36 #include <string.h>
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37 #include <unistd.h>
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38 #include <sys/types.h>
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39
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40 #ifdef _WIN32
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41 #include <winsock.h>
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42 #else
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43 #include <netdb.h>
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44 #include <arpa/inet.h>
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45 #include <sys/socket.h>
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46 #endif
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47
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48 #include "knetfile.h"
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49
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50 /* In winsock.h, the type of a socket is SOCKET, which is: "typedef
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51 * u_int SOCKET". An invalid SOCKET is: "(SOCKET)(~0)", or signed
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52 * integer -1. In knetfile.c, I use "int" for socket type
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53 * throughout. This should be improved to avoid confusion.
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54 *
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55 * In Linux/Mac, recv() and read() do almost the same thing. You can see
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56 * in the header file that netread() is simply an alias of read(). In
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57 * Windows, however, they are different and using recv() is mandatory.
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58 */
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59
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60 /* This function tests if the file handler is ready for reading (or
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61 * writing if is_read==0). */
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62 static int socket_wait(int fd, int is_read)
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63 {
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64 fd_set fds, *fdr = 0, *fdw = 0;
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65 struct timeval tv;
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66 int ret;
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67 tv.tv_sec = 5; tv.tv_usec = 0; // 5 seconds time out
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68 FD_ZERO(&fds);
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69 FD_SET(fd, &fds);
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70 if (is_read) fdr = &fds;
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71 else fdw = &fds;
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72 ret = select(fd+1, fdr, fdw, 0, &tv);
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73 if (ret == -1) perror("select");
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74 return ret;
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75 }
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76
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77 #ifndef _WIN32
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78 /* This function does not work with Windows due to the lack of
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79 * getaddrinfo() in winsock. It is addapted from an example in "Beej's
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80 * Guide to Network Programming" (http://beej.us/guide/bgnet/). */
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81 static int socket_connect(const char *host, const char *port)
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82 {
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83 #define __err_connect(func) do { perror(func); freeaddrinfo(res); return -1; } while (0)
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84
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85 int on = 1, fd;
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86 struct linger lng = { 0, 0 };
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87 struct addrinfo hints, *res;
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88 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
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89 hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
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90 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
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91 /* In Unix/Mac, getaddrinfo() is the most convenient way to get
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92 * server information. */
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93 if (getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res) != 0) __err_connect("getaddrinfo");
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94 if ((fd = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype, res->ai_protocol)) == -1) __err_connect("socket");
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95 /* The following two setsockopt() are used by ftplib
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96 * (http://nbpfaus.net/~pfau/ftplib/). I am not sure if they
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97 * necessary. */
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98 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1) __err_connect("setsockopt");
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99 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &lng, sizeof(lng)) == -1) __err_connect("setsockopt");
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100 if (connect(fd, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen) != 0) __err_connect("connect");
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101 freeaddrinfo(res);
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102 return fd;
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103 }
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104 #else
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105 /* MinGW's printf has problem with "%lld" */
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106 char *uint64tostr(char *buf, uint64_t x)
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107 {
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108 int i, cnt;
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109 for (i = 0; x; x /= 10) buf[i++] = '0' + x%10;
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110 buf[i] = 0;
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111 for (cnt = i, i = 0; i < cnt/2; ++i) {
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112 int c = buf[i]; buf[i] = buf[cnt-i-1]; buf[cnt-i-1] = c;
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113 }
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114 return buf;
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115 }
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116 /* In windows, the first thing is to establish the TCP connection. */
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117 int knet_win32_init()
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118 {
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119 WSADATA wsaData;
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120 return WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
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121 }
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122 void knet_win32_destroy()
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123 {
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124 WSACleanup();
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125 }
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126 /* A slightly modfied version of the following function also works on
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127 * Mac (and presummably Linux). However, this function is not stable on
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128 * my Mac. It sometimes works fine but sometimes does not. Therefore for
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129 * non-Windows OS, I do not use this one. */
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130 static SOCKET socket_connect(const char *host, const char *port)
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131 {
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132 #define __err_connect(func) do { perror(func); return -1; } while (0)
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133
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134 int on = 1;
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135 SOCKET fd;
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136 struct linger lng = { 0, 0 };
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137 struct sockaddr_in server;
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138 struct hostent *hp = 0;
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139 // open socket
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140 if ((fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) == INVALID_SOCKET) __err_connect("socket");
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141 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char*)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) __err_connect("setsockopt");
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142 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, (char*)&lng, sizeof(lng)) == -1) __err_connect("setsockopt");
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143 // get host info
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144 if (isalpha(host[0])) hp = gethostbyname(host);
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145 else {
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146 struct in_addr addr;
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147 addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
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148 hp = gethostbyaddr((char*)&addr, 4, AF_INET);
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149 }
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150 if (hp == 0) __err_connect("gethost");
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151 // connect
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152 server.sin_addr.s_addr = *((unsigned long*)hp->h_addr);
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153 server.sin_family= AF_INET;
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154 server.sin_port = htons(atoi(port));
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155 if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server, sizeof(server)) != 0) __err_connect("connect");
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156 // freehostent(hp); // strangely in MSDN, hp is NOT freed (memory leak?!)
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157 return fd;
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158 }
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159 #endif
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160
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161 static off_t my_netread(int fd, void *buf, off_t len)
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162 {
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163 off_t rest = len, curr, l = 0;
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164 /* recv() and read() may not read the required length of data with
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165 * one call. They have to be called repeatedly. */
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166 while (rest) {
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167 if (socket_wait(fd, 1) <= 0) break; // socket is not ready for reading
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168 curr = netread(fd, buf + l, rest);
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169 /* According to the glibc manual, section 13.2, a zero returned
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170 * value indicates end-of-file (EOF), which should mean that
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171 * read() will not return zero if EOF has not been met but data
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172 * are not immediately available. */
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173 if (curr == 0) break;
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174 l += curr; rest -= curr;
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175 }
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176 return l;
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177 }
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178
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179 /*************************
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180 * FTP specific routines *
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181 *************************/
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182
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183 static int kftp_get_response(knetFile *ftp)
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184 {
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185 unsigned char c;
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186 int n = 0;
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187 char *p;
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188 if (socket_wait(ftp->ctrl_fd, 1) <= 0) return 0;
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189 while (netread(ftp->ctrl_fd, &c, 1)) { // FIXME: this is *VERY BAD* for unbuffered I/O
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190 //fputc(c, stderr);
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191 if (n >= ftp->max_response) {
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192 ftp->max_response = ftp->max_response? ftp->max_response<<1 : 256;
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193 ftp->response = realloc(ftp->response, ftp->max_response);
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194 }
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195 ftp->response[n++] = c;
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196 if (c == '\n') {
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197 if (n >= 4 && isdigit(ftp->response[0]) && isdigit(ftp->response[1]) && isdigit(ftp->response[2])
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198 && ftp->response[3] != '-') break;
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199 n = 0;
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200 continue;
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201 }
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202 }
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203 if (n < 2) return -1;
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204 ftp->response[n-2] = 0;
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205 return strtol(ftp->response, &p, 0);
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206 }
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207
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208 static int kftp_send_cmd(knetFile *ftp, const char *cmd, int is_get)
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209 {
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210 if (socket_wait(ftp->ctrl_fd, 0) <= 0) return -1; // socket is not ready for writing
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211 netwrite(ftp->ctrl_fd, cmd, strlen(cmd));
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212 return is_get? kftp_get_response(ftp) : 0;
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213 }
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214
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215 static int kftp_pasv_prep(knetFile *ftp)
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216 {
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217 char *p;
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218 int v[6];
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219 kftp_send_cmd(ftp, "PASV\r\n", 1);
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220 for (p = ftp->response; *p && *p != '('; ++p);
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221 if (*p != '(') return -1;
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222 ++p;
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223 sscanf(p, "%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d", &v[0], &v[1], &v[2], &v[3], &v[4], &v[5]);
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224 memcpy(ftp->pasv_ip, v, 4 * sizeof(int));
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225 ftp->pasv_port = (v[4]<<8&0xff00) + v[5];
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226 return 0;
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227 }
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228
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229
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230 static int kftp_pasv_connect(knetFile *ftp)
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231 {
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232 char host[80], port[10];
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233 if (ftp->pasv_port == 0) {
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234 fprintf(stderr, "[kftp_pasv_connect] kftp_pasv_prep() is not called before hand.\n");
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235 return -1;
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236 }
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237 sprintf(host, "%d.%d.%d.%d", ftp->pasv_ip[0], ftp->pasv_ip[1], ftp->pasv_ip[2], ftp->pasv_ip[3]);
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238 sprintf(port, "%d", ftp->pasv_port);
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239 ftp->fd = socket_connect(host, port);
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240 if (ftp->fd == -1) return -1;
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241 return 0;
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242 }
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243
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244 int kftp_connect(knetFile *ftp)
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245 {
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246 ftp->ctrl_fd = socket_connect(ftp->host, ftp->port);
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247 if (ftp->ctrl_fd == -1) return -1;
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248 kftp_get_response(ftp);
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249 kftp_send_cmd(ftp, "USER anonymous\r\n", 1);
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250 kftp_send_cmd(ftp, "PASS kftp@\r\n", 1);
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251 kftp_send_cmd(ftp, "TYPE I\r\n", 1);
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252 return 0;
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253 }
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254
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255 int kftp_reconnect(knetFile *ftp)
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256 {
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257 if (ftp->ctrl_fd != -1) {
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258 netclose(ftp->ctrl_fd);
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259 ftp->ctrl_fd = -1;
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260 }
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261 netclose(ftp->fd);
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262 return kftp_connect(ftp);
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263 }
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264
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265 // initialize ->type, ->host and ->retr
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266 knetFile *kftp_parse_url(const char *fn, const char *mode)
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267 {
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268 knetFile *fp;
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269 char *p;
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270 int l;
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271 if (strstr(fn, "ftp://") != fn) return 0;
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272 for (p = (char*)fn + 6; *p && *p != '/'; ++p);
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273 if (*p != '/') return 0;
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274 l = p - fn - 6;
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275 fp = calloc(1, sizeof(knetFile));
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276 fp->type = KNF_TYPE_FTP;
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277 fp->fd = -1;
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278 /* the Linux/Mac version of socket_connect() also recognizes a port
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279 * like "ftp", but the Windows version does not. */
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280 fp->port = strdup("21");
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281 fp->host = calloc(l + 1, 1);
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282 if (strchr(mode, 'c')) fp->no_reconnect = 1;
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283 strncpy(fp->host, fn + 6, l);
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284 fp->retr = calloc(strlen(p) + 8, 1);
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285 sprintf(fp->retr, "RETR %s\r\n", p);
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286 fp->seek_offset = -1;
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287 return fp;
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288 }
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289 // place ->fd at offset off
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290 int kftp_connect_file(knetFile *fp)
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291 {
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292 int ret;
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293 if (fp->fd != -1) {
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294 netclose(fp->fd);
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295 if (fp->no_reconnect) kftp_get_response(fp);
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296 }
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297 kftp_pasv_prep(fp);
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298 if (fp->offset) {
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299 char tmp[32];
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300 #ifndef _WIN32
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301 sprintf(tmp, "REST %lld\r\n", (long long)fp->offset);
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302 #else
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303 strcpy(tmp, "REST ");
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304 uint64tostr(tmp + 5, fp->offset);
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305 strcat(tmp, "\r\n");
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306 #endif
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307 kftp_send_cmd(fp, tmp, 1);
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308 }
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309 kftp_send_cmd(fp, fp->retr, 0);
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310 kftp_pasv_connect(fp);
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311 ret = kftp_get_response(fp);
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312 if (ret != 150) {
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313 fprintf(stderr, "[kftp_connect_file] %s\n", fp->response);
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314 netclose(fp->fd);
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315 fp->fd = -1;
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316 return -1;
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317 }
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318 fp->is_ready = 1;
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319 return 0;
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320 }
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321
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322 /**************************
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323 * HTTP specific routines *
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324 **************************/
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325
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326 knetFile *khttp_parse_url(const char *fn, const char *mode)
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327 {
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328 knetFile *fp;
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329 char *p, *proxy, *q;
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330 int l;
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331 if (strstr(fn, "http://") != fn) return 0;
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332 // set ->http_host
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333 for (p = (char*)fn + 7; *p && *p != '/'; ++p);
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334 l = p - fn - 7;
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335 fp = calloc(1, sizeof(knetFile));
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336 fp->http_host = calloc(l + 1, 1);
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337 strncpy(fp->http_host, fn + 7, l);
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338 fp->http_host[l] = 0;
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339 for (q = fp->http_host; *q && *q != ':'; ++q);
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340 if (*q == ':') *q++ = 0;
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341 // get http_proxy
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342 proxy = getenv("http_proxy");
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343 // set ->host, ->port and ->path
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344 if (proxy == 0) {
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345 fp->host = strdup(fp->http_host); // when there is no proxy, server name is identical to http_host name.
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346 fp->port = strdup(*q? q : "80");
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347 fp->path = strdup(*p? p : "/");
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348 } else {
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349 fp->host = (strstr(proxy, "http://") == proxy)? strdup(proxy + 7) : strdup(proxy);
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350 for (q = fp->host; *q && *q != ':'; ++q);
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351 if (*q == ':') *q++ = 0;
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352 fp->port = strdup(*q? q : "80");
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353 fp->path = strdup(fn);
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354 }
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355 fp->type = KNF_TYPE_HTTP;
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356 fp->ctrl_fd = fp->fd = -1;
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357 fp->seek_offset = -1;
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358 return fp;
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359 }
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360
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361 int khttp_connect_file(knetFile *fp)
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362 {
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363 int ret, l = 0;
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364 char *buf, *p;
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365 if (fp->fd != -1) netclose(fp->fd);
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366 fp->fd = socket_connect(fp->host, fp->port);
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367 buf = calloc(0x10000, 1); // FIXME: I am lazy... But in principle, 64KB should be large enough.
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368 l += sprintf(buf + l, "GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n", fp->path, fp->http_host);
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369 if (fp->offset)
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370 l += sprintf(buf + l, "Range: bytes=%lld-\r\n", (long long)fp->offset);
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371 l += sprintf(buf + l, "\r\n");
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372 netwrite(fp->fd, buf, l);
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373 l = 0;
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374 while (netread(fp->fd, buf + l, 1)) { // read HTTP header; FIXME: bad efficiency
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375 if (buf[l] == '\n' && l >= 3)
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376 if (strncmp(buf + l - 3, "\r\n\r\n", 4) == 0) break;
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377 ++l;
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378 }
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379 buf[l] = 0;
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380 if (l < 14) { // prematured header
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381 netclose(fp->fd);
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382 fp->fd = -1;
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383 return -1;
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384 }
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385 ret = strtol(buf + 8, &p, 0); // HTTP return code
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386 if (ret == 200 && fp->offset) { // 200 (complete result); then skip beginning of the file
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387 off_t rest = fp->offset;
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388 while (rest) {
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389 off_t l = rest < 0x10000? rest : 0x10000;
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390 rest -= my_netread(fp->fd, buf, l);
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391 }
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392 } else if (ret != 206 && ret != 200) {
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393 free(buf);
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394 fprintf(stderr, "[khttp_connect_file] fail to open file (HTTP code: %d).\n", ret);
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395 netclose(fp->fd);
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396 fp->fd = -1;
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397 return -1;
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398 }
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399 free(buf);
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400 fp->is_ready = 1;
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401 return 0;
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402 }
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403
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404 /********************
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405 * Generic routines *
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406 ********************/
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407
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408 knetFile *knet_open(const char *fn, const char *mode)
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409 {
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410 knetFile *fp = 0;
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411 if (mode[0] != 'r') {
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412 fprintf(stderr, "[kftp_open] only mode \"r\" is supported.\n");
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413 return 0;
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414 }
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415 if (strstr(fn, "ftp://") == fn) {
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416 fp = kftp_parse_url(fn, mode);
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417 if (fp == 0) return 0;
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418 if (kftp_connect(fp) == -1) {
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419 knet_close(fp);
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420 return 0;
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421 }
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422 kftp_connect_file(fp);
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423 } else if (strstr(fn, "http://") == fn) {
|
|
424 fp = khttp_parse_url(fn, mode);
|
|
425 if (fp == 0) return 0;
|
|
426 khttp_connect_file(fp);
|
|
427 } else { // local file
|
|
428 #ifdef _WIN32
|
|
429 /* In windows, O_BINARY is necessary. In Linux/Mac, O_BINARY may
|
|
430 * be undefined on some systems, although it is defined on my
|
|
431 * Mac and the Linux I have tested on. */
|
|
432 int fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
|
|
433 #else
|
|
434 int fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY);
|
|
435 #endif
|
|
436 if (fd == -1) {
|
|
437 perror("open");
|
|
438 return 0;
|
|
439 }
|
|
440 fp = (knetFile*)calloc(1, sizeof(knetFile));
|
|
441 fp->type = KNF_TYPE_LOCAL;
|
|
442 fp->fd = fd;
|
|
443 fp->ctrl_fd = -1;
|
|
444 }
|
|
445 if (fp && fp->fd == -1) {
|
|
446 knet_close(fp);
|
|
447 return 0;
|
|
448 }
|
|
449 return fp;
|
|
450 }
|
|
451
|
|
452 knetFile *knet_dopen(int fd, const char *mode)
|
|
453 {
|
|
454 knetFile *fp = (knetFile*)calloc(1, sizeof(knetFile));
|
|
455 fp->type = KNF_TYPE_LOCAL;
|
|
456 fp->fd = fd;
|
|
457 return fp;
|
|
458 }
|
|
459
|
|
460 off_t knet_read(knetFile *fp, void *buf, off_t len)
|
|
461 {
|
|
462 off_t l = 0;
|
|
463 if (fp->fd == -1) return 0;
|
|
464 if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_FTP) {
|
|
465 if (fp->is_ready == 0) {
|
|
466 if (!fp->no_reconnect) kftp_reconnect(fp);
|
|
467 kftp_connect_file(fp);
|
|
468 }
|
|
469 } else if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_HTTP) {
|
|
470 if (fp->is_ready == 0)
|
|
471 khttp_connect_file(fp);
|
|
472 }
|
|
473 if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_LOCAL) { // on Windows, the following block is necessary; not on UNIX
|
|
474 off_t rest = len, curr;
|
|
475 while (rest) {
|
|
476 curr = read(fp->fd, buf + l, rest);
|
|
477 if (curr == 0) break;
|
|
478 l += curr; rest -= curr;
|
|
479 }
|
|
480 } else l = my_netread(fp->fd, buf, len);
|
|
481 fp->offset += l;
|
|
482 return l;
|
|
483 }
|
|
484
|
|
485 int knet_seek(knetFile *fp, off_t off, int whence)
|
|
486 {
|
|
487 if (whence == SEEK_SET && off == fp->offset) return 0;
|
|
488 if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_LOCAL) {
|
|
489 /* Be aware that lseek() returns the offset after seeking,
|
|
490 * while fseek() returns zero on success. */
|
|
491 off_t offset = lseek(fp->fd, off, whence);
|
|
492 if (offset == -1) {
|
|
493 perror("lseek");
|
|
494 return -1;
|
|
495 }
|
|
496 fp->offset = offset;
|
|
497 return 0;
|
|
498 } else if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_FTP || fp->type == KNF_TYPE_HTTP) {
|
|
499 if (whence != SEEK_SET) { // FIXME: we can surely allow SEEK_CUR and SEEK_END in future
|
|
500 fprintf(stderr, "[knet_seek] only SEEK_SET is supported for FTP/HTTP. Offset is unchanged.\n");
|
|
501 return -1;
|
|
502 }
|
|
503 fp->offset = off;
|
|
504 fp->is_ready = 0;
|
|
505 return 0;
|
|
506 }
|
|
507 return -1;
|
|
508 }
|
|
509
|
|
510 int knet_close(knetFile *fp)
|
|
511 {
|
|
512 if (fp == 0) return 0;
|
|
513 if (fp->ctrl_fd != -1) netclose(fp->ctrl_fd); // FTP specific
|
|
514 if (fp->fd != -1) {
|
|
515 /* On Linux/Mac, netclose() is an alias of close(), but on
|
|
516 * Windows, it is an alias of closesocket(). */
|
|
517 if (fp->type == KNF_TYPE_LOCAL) close(fp->fd);
|
|
518 else netclose(fp->fd);
|
|
519 }
|
|
520 free(fp->host); free(fp->port);
|
|
521 free(fp->response); free(fp->retr); // FTP specific
|
|
522 free(fp->path); free(fp->http_host); // HTTP specific
|
|
523 free(fp);
|
|
524 return 0;
|
|
525 }
|
|
526
|
|
527 #ifdef KNETFILE_MAIN
|
|
528 int main(void)
|
|
529 {
|
|
530 char *buf;
|
|
531 knetFile *fp;
|
|
532 int type = 4, l;
|
|
533 #ifdef _WIN32
|
|
534 knet_win32_init();
|
|
535 #endif
|
|
536 buf = calloc(0x100000, 1);
|
|
537 if (type == 0) {
|
|
538 fp = knet_open("knetfile.c", "r");
|
|
539 knet_seek(fp, 1000, SEEK_SET);
|
|
540 } else if (type == 1) { // NCBI FTP, large file
|
|
541 fp = knet_open("ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/1000genomes/ftp/data/NA12878/alignment/NA12878.chrom6.SLX.SRP000032.2009_06.bam", "r");
|
|
542 knet_seek(fp, 2500000000ll, SEEK_SET);
|
|
543 l = knet_read(fp, buf, 255);
|
|
544 } else if (type == 2) {
|
|
545 fp = knet_open("ftp://ftp.sanger.ac.uk/pub4/treefam/tmp/index.shtml", "r");
|
|
546 knet_seek(fp, 1000, SEEK_SET);
|
|
547 } else if (type == 3) {
|
|
548 fp = knet_open("http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Users/lh3/index.shtml", "r");
|
|
549 knet_seek(fp, 1000, SEEK_SET);
|
|
550 } else if (type == 4) {
|
|
551 fp = knet_open("http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Users/lh3/ex1.bam", "r");
|
|
552 knet_read(fp, buf, 10000);
|
|
553 knet_seek(fp, 20000, SEEK_SET);
|
|
554 knet_seek(fp, 10000, SEEK_SET);
|
|
555 l = knet_read(fp, buf+10000, 10000000) + 10000;
|
|
556 }
|
|
557 if (type != 4 && type != 1) {
|
|
558 knet_read(fp, buf, 255);
|
|
559 buf[255] = 0;
|
|
560 printf("%s\n", buf);
|
|
561 } else write(fileno(stdout), buf, l);
|
|
562 knet_close(fp);
|
|
563 free(buf);
|
|
564 return 0;
|
|
565 }
|
|
566 #endif
|