Mercurial > repos > guerler > springsuite

annotate planemo/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rdflib/resource.py @ 1:56ad4e20f292 draft

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"planemo upload commit 6eee67778febed82ddd413c3ca40b3183a3898f1"
author guerler
date Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:32:28 -0400
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1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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2 from rdflib import py3compat
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3
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4 __doc__ = py3compat.format_doctest_out("""
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5 The :class:`~rdflib.resource.Resource` class wraps a
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6 :class:`~rdflib.graph.Graph`
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7 and a resource reference (i.e. a :class:`rdflib.term.URIRef` or
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8 :class:`rdflib.term.BNode`) to support a resource-oriented way of
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9 working with a graph.
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10
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11 It contains methods directly corresponding to those methods of the Graph
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12 interface that relate to reading and writing data. The difference is that a
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13 Resource also binds a resource identifier, making it possible to work without
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14 tracking both the graph and a current subject. This makes for a "resource
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15 oriented" style, as compared to the triple orientation of the Graph API.
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16
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17 Resulting generators are also wrapped so that any resource reference values
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18 (:class:`rdflib.term.URIRef`s and :class:`rdflib.term.BNode`s) are in turn
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19 wrapped as Resources. (Note that this behaviour differs from the corresponding
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20 methods in :class:`~rdflib.graph.Graph`, where no such conversion takes place.)
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22
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23 Basic Usage Scenario
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24 --------------------
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25
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26 Start by importing things we need and define some namespaces::
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27
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28 >>> from rdflib import *
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29 >>> FOAF = Namespace("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/")
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30 >>> CV = Namespace("http://purl.org/captsolo/resume-rdf/0.2/cv#")
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31
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32 Load some RDF data::
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33
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34 >>> graph = Graph().parse(format='n3', data='''
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35 ... @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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36 ... @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
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37 ... @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
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38 ... @prefix cv: <http://purl.org/captsolo/resume-rdf/0.2/cv#> .
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39 ...
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40 ... @base <http://example.org/> .
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41 ...
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42 ... </person/some1#self> a foaf:Person;
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43 ... rdfs:comment "Just a Python & RDF hacker."@en;
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44 ... foaf:depiction </images/person/some1.jpg>;
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45 ... foaf:homepage <http://example.net/>;
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46 ... foaf:name "Some Body" .
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47 ...
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48 ... </images/person/some1.jpg> a foaf:Image;
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49 ... rdfs:label "some 1"@en;
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50 ... rdfs:comment "Just an image"@en;
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51 ... foaf:thumbnail </images/person/some1-thumb.jpg> .
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52 ...
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53 ... </images/person/some1-thumb.jpg> a foaf:Image .
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54 ...
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55 ... [] a cv:CV;
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56 ... cv:aboutPerson </person/some1#self>;
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57 ... cv:hasWorkHistory [ cv:employedIn </#company>;
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58 ... cv:startDate "2009-09-04"^^xsd:date ] .
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59 ... ''')
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60
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61 Create a Resource::
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62
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63 >>> person = Resource(
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64 ... graph, URIRef("http://example.org/person/some1#self"))
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65
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66 Retrieve some basic facts::
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67
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68 >>> person.identifier
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69 rdflib.term.URIRef(%(u)s'http://example.org/person/some1#self')
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70
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71 >>> person.value(FOAF.name)
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72 rdflib.term.Literal(%(u)s'Some Body')
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73
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74 >>> person.value(RDFS.comment)
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75 rdflib.term.Literal(%(u)s'Just a Python & RDF hacker.', lang=%(u)s'en')
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76
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77 Resources can be sliced (like graphs, but the subject is fixed)::
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78
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79 >>> for name in person[FOAF.name]:
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80 ... print(name)
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81 Some Body
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82 >>> person[FOAF.name : Literal("Some Body")]
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83 True
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84
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85 Resources as unicode are represented by their identifiers as unicode::
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86
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87 >>> %(unicode)s(person) #doctest: +SKIP
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88 %(u)s'Resource(http://example.org/person/some1#self'
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89
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90 Resource references are also Resources, so you can easily get e.g. a qname
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91 for the type of a resource, like::
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92
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93 >>> person.value(RDF.type).qname()
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94 %(u)s'foaf:Person'
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95
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96 Or for the predicates of a resource::
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97
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98 >>> sorted(
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99 ... p.qname() for p in person.predicates()
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100 ... ) #doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE +SKIP
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101 [%(u)s'foaf:depiction', %(u)s'foaf:homepage',
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102 %(u)s'foaf:name', %(u)s'rdf:type', %(u)s'rdfs:comment']
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103
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104 Follow relations and get more data from their Resources as well::
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105
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106 >>> for pic in person.objects(FOAF.depiction):
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107 ... print(pic.identifier)
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108 ... print(pic.value(RDF.type).qname())
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109 ... print(pic.label())
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110 ... print(pic.comment())
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111 ... print(pic.value(FOAF.thumbnail).identifier)
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112 http://example.org/images/person/some1.jpg
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113 foaf:Image
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114 some 1
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115 Just an image
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116 http://example.org/images/person/some1-thumb.jpg
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117
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118 >>> for cv in person.subjects(CV.aboutPerson):
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119 ... work = list(cv.objects(CV.hasWorkHistory))[0]
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120 ... print(work.value(CV.employedIn).identifier)
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121 ... print(work.value(CV.startDate))
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122 http://example.org/#company
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123 2009-09-04
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124
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125 It's just as easy to work with the predicates of a resource::
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126
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127 >>> for s, p in person.subject_predicates():
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128 ... print(s.value(RDF.type).qname())
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129 ... print(p.qname())
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130 ... for s, o in p.subject_objects():
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131 ... print(s.value(RDF.type).qname())
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132 ... print(o.value(RDF.type).qname())
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133 cv:CV
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134 cv:aboutPerson
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135 cv:CV
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136 foaf:Person
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137
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138 This is useful for e.g. inspection::
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139
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140 >>> thumb_ref = URIRef("http://example.org/images/person/some1-thumb.jpg")
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141 >>> thumb = Resource(graph, thumb_ref)
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142 >>> for p, o in thumb.predicate_objects():
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143 ... print(p.qname())
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144 ... print(o.qname())
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145 rdf:type
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146 foaf:Image
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147
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148 Similarly, adding, setting and removing data is easy::
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149
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150 >>> thumb.add(RDFS.label, Literal("thumb"))
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151 >>> print(thumb.label())
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152 thumb
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153 >>> thumb.set(RDFS.label, Literal("thumbnail"))
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154 >>> print(thumb.label())
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155 thumbnail
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156 >>> thumb.remove(RDFS.label)
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157 >>> list(thumb.objects(RDFS.label))
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158 []
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159
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160
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161 Schema Example
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162 --------------
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163
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164 With this artificial schema data::
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165
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166 >>> graph = Graph().parse(format='n3', data='''
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167 ... @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
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168 ... @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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169 ... @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
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170 ... @prefix v: <http://example.org/def/v#> .
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171 ...
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172 ... v:Artifact a owl:Class .
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173 ...
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174 ... v:Document a owl:Class;
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175 ... rdfs:subClassOf v:Artifact .
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176 ...
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177 ... v:Paper a owl:Class;
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178 ... rdfs:subClassOf v:Document .
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179 ...
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180 ... v:Choice owl:oneOf (v:One v:Other) .
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181 ...
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182 ... v:Stuff a rdf:Seq; rdf:_1 v:One; rdf:_2 v:Other .
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183 ...
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184 ... ''')
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185
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186 From this class::
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187
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188 >>> artifact = Resource(graph, URIRef("http://example.org/def/v#Artifact"))
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189
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190 we can get at subclasses::
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191
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192 >>> subclasses = list(artifact.transitive_subjects(RDFS.subClassOf))
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193 >>> [c.qname() for c in subclasses]
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194 [%(u)s'v:Artifact', %(u)s'v:Document', %(u)s'v:Paper']
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195
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196 and superclasses from the last subclass::
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197
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198 >>> [c.qname() for c in subclasses[-1].transitive_objects(RDFS.subClassOf)]
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199 [%(u)s'v:Paper', %(u)s'v:Document', %(u)s'v:Artifact']
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200
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201 Get items from the Choice::
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202
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203 >>> choice = Resource(graph, URIRef("http://example.org/def/v#Choice"))
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204 >>> [it.qname() for it in choice.value(OWL.oneOf).items()]
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205 [%(u)s'v:One', %(u)s'v:Other']
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206
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207 And the sequence of Stuff::
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208
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209 >>> stuff = Resource(graph, URIRef("http://example.org/def/v#Stuff"))
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210 >>> [it.qname() for it in stuff.seq()]
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211 [%(u)s'v:One', %(u)s'v:Other']
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212
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213 On add, other resources are auto-unboxed:
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214 >>> paper = Resource(graph, URIRef("http://example.org/def/v#Paper"))
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215 >>> paper.add(RDFS.subClassOf, artifact)
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216 >>> artifact in paper.objects(RDFS.subClassOf) # checks Resource instance
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217 True
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218 >>> (paper._identifier, RDFS.subClassOf, artifact._identifier) in graph
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219 True
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220
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221
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222 Technical Details
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223 -----------------
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224
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225 Comparison is based on graph and identifier::
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226
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227 >>> g1 = Graph()
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228 >>> t1 = Resource(g1, URIRef("http://example.org/thing"))
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229 >>> t2 = Resource(g1, URIRef("http://example.org/thing"))
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230 >>> t3 = Resource(g1, URIRef("http://example.org/other"))
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231 >>> t4 = Resource(Graph(), URIRef("http://example.org/other"))
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232
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233 >>> t1 is t2
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234 False
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235
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236 >>> t1 == t2
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237 True
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238 >>> t1 != t2
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239 False
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240
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241 >>> t1 == t3
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242 False
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243 >>> t1 != t3
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244 True
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245
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246 >>> t3 != t4
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247 True
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248
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249 >>> t3 < t1 and t1 > t3
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250 True
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251 >>> t1 >= t1 and t1 >= t3
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252 True
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253 >>> t1 <= t1 and t3 <= t1
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254 True
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255
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256 >>> t1 < t1 or t1 < t3 or t3 > t1 or t3 > t3
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257 False
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258
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259 Hash is computed from graph and identifier::
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260
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261 >>> g1 = Graph()
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262 >>> t1 = Resource(g1, URIRef("http://example.org/thing"))
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263
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264 >>> hash(t1) == hash(Resource(g1, URIRef("http://example.org/thing")))
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265 True
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266
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267 >>> hash(t1) == hash(Resource(Graph(), t1.identifier))
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268 False
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269 >>> hash(t1) == hash(Resource(Graph(), URIRef("http://example.org/thing")))
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270 False
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271
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272 The Resource class is suitable as a base class for mapper toolkits. For
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273 example, consider this utility for accessing RDF properties via qname-like
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274 attributes::
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275
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276 >>> class Item(Resource):
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277 ...
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278 ... def __getattr__(self, p):
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279 ... return list(self.objects(self._to_ref(*p.split('_', 1))))
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280 ...
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281 ... def _to_ref(self, pfx, name):
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282 ... return URIRef(self._graph.store.namespace(pfx) + name)
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283
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284 It works as follows::
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285
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286 >>> graph = Graph().parse(format='n3', data='''
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287 ... @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
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288 ... @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
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289 ...
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290 ... @base <http://example.org/> .
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291 ... </person/some1#self>
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292 ... foaf:name "Some Body";
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293 ... foaf:depiction </images/person/some1.jpg> .
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294 ... </images/person/some1.jpg> rdfs:comment "Just an image"@en .
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295 ... ''')
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296
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297 >>> person = Item(graph, URIRef("http://example.org/person/some1#self"))
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298
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299 >>> print(person.foaf_name[0])
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300 Some Body
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301
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302 The mechanism for wrapping references as resources cooperates with subclasses.
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303 Therefore, accessing referenced resources automatically creates new ``Item``
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304 objects::
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305
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306 >>> isinstance(person.foaf_depiction[0], Item)
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307 True
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308
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309 >>> print(person.foaf_depiction[0].rdfs_comment[0])
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310 Just an image
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311
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312 """)
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313
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314 from rdflib.term import Node, BNode, URIRef
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315 from rdflib.namespace import RDF
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316 from rdflib.paths import Path
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317
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318 __all__ = ['Resource']
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319
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320
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321 class Resource(object):
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322
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323 def __init__(self, graph, subject):
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324 self._graph = graph
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325 self._identifier = subject
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326
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327 graph = property(lambda self: self._graph)
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328
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329 identifier = property(lambda self: self._identifier)
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330
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331 def __hash__(self):
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332 return hash(Resource) ^ hash(self._graph) ^ hash(self._identifier)
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333
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334 def __eq__(self, other):
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335 return (isinstance(other, Resource) and
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336 self._graph == other._graph and
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337 self._identifier == other._identifier)
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338
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339 __ne__ = lambda self, other: not self == other
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340
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341 def __lt__(self, other):
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342 if isinstance(other, Resource):
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343 return self._identifier < other._identifier
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344 else:
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345 return False
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346
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347 __gt__ = lambda self, other: not (self < other or self == other)
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348 __le__ = lambda self, other: self < other or self == other
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349 __ge__ = lambda self, other: not self < other
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350
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351 def __unicode__(self):
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352 return str(self._identifier)
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353
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354 if py3compat.PY3:
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355 __str__ = __unicode__
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356
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357 def add(self, p, o):
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358 if isinstance(o, Resource):
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359 o = o._identifier
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360
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361 self._graph.add((self._identifier, p, o))
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362
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363 def remove(self, p, o=None):
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364 if isinstance(o, Resource):
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365 o = o._identifier
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366
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367 self._graph.remove((self._identifier, p, o))
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368
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369 def set(self, p, o):
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370 if isinstance(o, Resource):
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371 o = o._identifier
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372
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373 self._graph.set((self._identifier, p, o))
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374
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375 def subjects(self, predicate=None): # rev
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376 return self._resources(
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377 self._graph.subjects(predicate, self._identifier))
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378
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379 def predicates(self, o=None):
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380 if isinstance(o, Resource):
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381 o = o._identifier
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382
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383 return self._resources(
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diff changeset
384 self._graph.predicates(self._identifier, o))
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385
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386 def objects(self, predicate=None):
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387 return self._resources(
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388 self._graph.objects(self._identifier, predicate))
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389
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390 def subject_predicates(self):
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391 return self._resource_pairs(
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392 self._graph.subject_predicates(self._identifier))
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393
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394 def subject_objects(self):
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395 return self._resource_pairs(
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396 self._graph.subject_objects(self._identifier))
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397
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398 def predicate_objects(self):
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399 return self._resource_pairs(
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400 self._graph.predicate_objects(self._identifier))
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401
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402 def value(self, p=RDF.value, o=None, default=None, any=True):
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403 if isinstance(o, Resource):
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404 o = o._identifier
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405
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406 return self._cast(
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407 self._graph.value(self._identifier, p, o, default, any))
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408
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409 def label(self):
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410 return self._graph.label(self._identifier)
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411
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412 def comment(self):
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413 return self._graph.comment(self._identifier)
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414
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415 def items(self):
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416 return self._resources(self._graph.items(self._identifier))
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417
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418 def transitive_objects(self, predicate, remember=None):
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419 return self._resources(self._graph.transitive_objects(
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420 self._identifier, predicate, remember))
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421
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422 def transitive_subjects(self, predicate, remember=None):
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423 return self._resources(self._graph.transitive_subjects(
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424 predicate, self._identifier, remember))
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425
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426 def seq(self):
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427 return self._resources(self._graph.seq(self._identifier))
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428
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429 def qname(self):
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430 return self._graph.qname(self._identifier)
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431
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432 def _resource_pairs(self, pairs):
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433 for s1, s2 in pairs:
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434 yield self._cast(s1), self._cast(s2)
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435
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436 def _resource_triples(self, triples):
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437 for s,p,o in triples:
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438 yield self._cast(s), self._cast(p), self._cast(o)
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439
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440 def _resources(self, nodes):
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441 for node in nodes:
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442 yield self._cast(node)
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443
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444 def _cast(self, node):
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445 if isinstance(node, (BNode, URIRef)):
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446 return self._new(node)
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447 else:
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448 return node
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449
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450 def __iter__(self):
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451 return self._resource_triples(self._graph.triples((self.identifier, None, None)))
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452
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453 def __getitem__(self, item):
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454 if isinstance(item, slice):
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455 if item.step:
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456 raise TypeError("Resources fix the subject for slicing, and can only be sliced by predicate/object. ")
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457 p,o=item.start,item.stop
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458 if isinstance(p, Resource): p = p._identifier
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459 if isinstance(o, Resource): o = o._identifier
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460 if p is None and o is None:
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461 return self.predicate_objects()
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462 elif p is None:
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463 return self.predicates(o)
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464 elif o is None:
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465 return self.objects(p)
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466 else:
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467 return (self.identifier, p, o) in self._graph
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468 elif isinstance(item, (Node, Path)):
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469 return self.objects(item)
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470 else:
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471 raise TypeError("You can only index a resource by a single rdflib term, a slice of rdflib terms, not %s (%s)"%(item, type(item)))
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472
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473 def __setitem__(self, item, value):
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474 self.set(item, value)
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475
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476 def _new(self, subject):
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477 return type(self)(self._graph, subject)
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478
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479 def __str__(self):
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480 return 'Resource(%s)' % self._identifier
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481
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482 def __repr__(self):
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483 return 'Resource(%s,%s)' % (self._graph, self._identifier)