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annotate env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/humanfriendly/usage.py @ 0:4f3585e2f14b draft default tip

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"planemo upload commit 60cee0fc7c0cda8592644e1aad72851dec82c959"
author shellac
date Mon, 22 Mar 2021 18:12:50 +0000
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1 # Human friendly input/output in Python.
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2 #
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3 # Author: Peter Odding <peter@peterodding.com>
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4 # Last Change: December 1, 2020
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5 # URL: https://humanfriendly.readthedocs.io
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6
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7 """
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8 Parsing and reformatting of usage messages.
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9
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10 The :mod:`~humanfriendly.usage` module parses and reformats usage messages:
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11
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12 - The :func:`format_usage()` function takes a usage message and inserts ANSI
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13 escape sequences that highlight items of special significance like command
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14 line options, meta variables, etc. The resulting usage message is (intended
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15 to be) easier to read on a terminal.
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16
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17 - The :func:`render_usage()` function takes a usage message and rewrites it to
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18 reStructuredText_ suitable for inclusion in the documentation of a Python
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19 package. This provides a DRY solution to keeping a single authoritative
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20 definition of the usage message while making it easily available in
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21 documentation. As a cherry on the cake it's not just a pre-formatted dump of
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22 the usage message but a nicely formatted reStructuredText_ fragment.
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23
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24 - The remaining functions in this module support the two functions above.
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25
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26 Usage messages in general are free format of course, however the functions in
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27 this module assume a certain structure from usage messages in order to
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28 successfully parse and reformat them, refer to :func:`parse_usage()` for
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29 details.
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30
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31 .. _DRY: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself
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32 .. _reStructuredText: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReStructuredText
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33 """
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34
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35 # Standard library modules.
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36 import csv
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37 import functools
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38 import logging
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39 import re
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40
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41 # Standard library module or external dependency (see setup.py).
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42 from importlib import import_module
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43
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44 # Modules included in our package.
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45 from humanfriendly.compat import StringIO
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46 from humanfriendly.text import dedent, split_paragraphs, trim_empty_lines
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47
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48 # Public identifiers that require documentation.
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49 __all__ = (
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50 'find_meta_variables',
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51 'format_usage',
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52 'import_module', # previously exported (backwards compatibility)
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53 'inject_usage',
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54 'parse_usage',
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55 'render_usage',
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56 'USAGE_MARKER',
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57 )
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58
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59 USAGE_MARKER = "Usage:"
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60 """The string that starts the first line of a usage message."""
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61
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62 START_OF_OPTIONS_MARKER = "Supported options:"
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63 """The string that marks the start of the documented command line options."""
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64
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65 # Compiled regular expression used to tokenize usage messages.
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66 USAGE_PATTERN = re.compile(r'''
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67 # Make sure whatever we're matching isn't preceded by a non-whitespace
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68 # character.
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69 (?<!\S)
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70 (
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71 # A short command line option or a long command line option
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72 # (possibly including a meta variable for a value).
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73 (-\w|--\w+(-\w+)*(=\S+)?)
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74 # Or ...
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75 |
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76 # An environment variable.
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77 \$[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*
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78 # Or ...
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79 |
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80 # Might be a meta variable (usage() will figure it out).
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81 [A-Z][A-Z0-9_]+
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82 )
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83 ''', re.VERBOSE)
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84
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85 # Compiled regular expression used to recognize options.
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86 OPTION_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^(-\w|--\w+(-\w+)*(=\S+)?)$')
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87
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88 # Initialize a logger for this module.
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89 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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90
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91
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92 def format_usage(usage_text):
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93 """
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94 Highlight special items in a usage message.
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95
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96 :param usage_text: The usage message to process (a string).
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97 :returns: The usage message with special items highlighted.
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98
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99 This function highlights the following special items:
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100
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101 - The initial line of the form "Usage: ..."
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102 - Short and long command line options
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103 - Environment variables
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104 - Meta variables (see :func:`find_meta_variables()`)
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105
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106 All items are highlighted in the color defined by
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107 :data:`.HIGHLIGHT_COLOR`.
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108 """
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109 # Ugly workaround to avoid circular import errors due to interdependencies
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110 # between the humanfriendly.terminal and humanfriendly.usage modules.
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111 from humanfriendly.terminal import ansi_wrap, HIGHLIGHT_COLOR
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112 formatted_lines = []
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113 meta_variables = find_meta_variables(usage_text)
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114 for line in usage_text.strip().splitlines(True):
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115 if line.startswith(USAGE_MARKER):
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116 # Highlight the "Usage: ..." line in bold font and color.
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117 formatted_lines.append(ansi_wrap(line, color=HIGHLIGHT_COLOR))
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118 else:
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119 # Highlight options, meta variables and environment variables.
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120 formatted_lines.append(replace_special_tokens(
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121 line, meta_variables,
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122 lambda token: ansi_wrap(token, color=HIGHLIGHT_COLOR),
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123 ))
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124 return ''.join(formatted_lines)
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125
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126
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127 def find_meta_variables(usage_text):
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128 """
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129 Find the meta variables in the given usage message.
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130
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131 :param usage_text: The usage message to parse (a string).
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132 :returns: A list of strings with any meta variables found in the usage
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133 message.
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134
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135 When a command line option requires an argument, the convention is to
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136 format such options as ``--option=ARG``. The text ``ARG`` in this example
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137 is the meta variable.
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138 """
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139 meta_variables = set()
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140 for match in USAGE_PATTERN.finditer(usage_text):
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141 token = match.group(0)
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142 if token.startswith('-'):
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143 option, _, value = token.partition('=')
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144 if value:
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145 meta_variables.add(value)
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146 return list(meta_variables)
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147
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148
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149 def parse_usage(text):
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150 """
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151 Parse a usage message by inferring its structure (and making some assumptions :-).
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152
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153 :param text: The usage message to parse (a string).
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154 :returns: A tuple of two lists:
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155
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156 1. A list of strings with the paragraphs of the usage message's
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157 "introduction" (the paragraphs before the documentation of the
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158 supported command line options).
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159
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160 2. A list of strings with pairs of command line options and their
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161 descriptions: Item zero is a line listing a supported command
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162 line option, item one is the description of that command line
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163 option, item two is a line listing another supported command
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164 line option, etc.
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165
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166 Usage messages in general are free format of course, however
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167 :func:`parse_usage()` assume a certain structure from usage messages in
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168 order to successfully parse them:
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169
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170 - The usage message starts with a line ``Usage: ...`` that shows a symbolic
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171 representation of the way the program is to be invoked.
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172
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173 - After some free form text a line ``Supported options:`` (surrounded by
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174 empty lines) precedes the documentation of the supported command line
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175 options.
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176
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177 - The command line options are documented as follows::
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178
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179 -v, --verbose
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180
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181 Make more noise.
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182
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183 So all of the variants of the command line option are shown together on a
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184 separate line, followed by one or more paragraphs describing the option.
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185
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186 - There are several other minor assumptions, but to be honest I'm not sure if
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187 anyone other than me is ever going to use this functionality, so for now I
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188 won't list every intricate detail :-).
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189
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190 If you're curious anyway, refer to the usage message of the `humanfriendly`
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191 package (defined in the :mod:`humanfriendly.cli` module) and compare it with
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192 the usage message you see when you run ``humanfriendly --help`` and the
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193 generated usage message embedded in the readme.
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194
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195 Feel free to request more detailed documentation if you're interested in
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196 using the :mod:`humanfriendly.usage` module outside of the little ecosystem
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197 of Python packages that I have been building over the past years.
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198 """
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199 introduction = []
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200 documented_options = []
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201 # Split the raw usage message into paragraphs.
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202 paragraphs = split_paragraphs(text)
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203 # Get the paragraphs that are part of the introduction.
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204 while paragraphs:
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205 # Check whether we've found the end of the introduction.
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206 end_of_intro = (paragraphs[0] == START_OF_OPTIONS_MARKER)
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207 # Append the current paragraph to the introduction.
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208 introduction.append(paragraphs.pop(0))
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209 # Stop after we've processed the complete introduction.
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210 if end_of_intro:
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211 break
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212 logger.debug("Parsed introduction: %s", introduction)
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213 # Parse the paragraphs that document command line options.
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214 while paragraphs:
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215 documented_options.append(dedent(paragraphs.pop(0)))
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216 description = []
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217 while paragraphs:
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218 # Check if the next paragraph starts the documentation of another
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219 # command line option. We split on a comma followed by a space so
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220 # that our parsing doesn't trip up when the label used for an
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221 # option's value contains commas.
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222 tokens = [t.strip() for t in re.split(r',\s', paragraphs[0]) if t and not t.isspace()]
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223 if all(OPTION_PATTERN.match(t) for t in tokens):
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224 break
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225 else:
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226 description.append(paragraphs.pop(0))
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227 # Join the description's paragraphs back together so we can remove
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228 # common leading indentation.
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229 documented_options.append(dedent('\n\n'.join(description)))
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230 logger.debug("Parsed options: %s", documented_options)
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231 return introduction, documented_options
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232
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233
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234 def render_usage(text):
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235 """
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236 Reformat a command line program's usage message to reStructuredText_.
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237
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238 :param text: The plain text usage message (a string).
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239 :returns: The usage message rendered to reStructuredText_ (a string).
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240 """
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241 meta_variables = find_meta_variables(text)
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242 introduction, options = parse_usage(text)
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243 output = [render_paragraph(p, meta_variables) for p in introduction]
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244 if options:
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245 output.append('\n'.join([
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246 '.. csv-table::',
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247 ' :header: Option, Description',
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248 ' :widths: 30, 70',
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249 '',
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250 ]))
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251 csv_buffer = StringIO()
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252 csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_buffer)
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253 while options:
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254 variants = options.pop(0)
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255 description = options.pop(0)
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256 csv_writer.writerow([
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257 render_paragraph(variants, meta_variables),
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258 ('\n\n'.join(render_paragraph(p, meta_variables) for p in split_paragraphs(description))).rstrip(),
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259 ])
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260 csv_lines = csv_buffer.getvalue().splitlines()
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261 output.append('\n'.join(' %s' % ln for ln in csv_lines))
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262 logger.debug("Rendered output: %s", output)
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263 return '\n\n'.join(trim_empty_lines(o) for o in output)
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264
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265
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266 def inject_usage(module_name):
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267 """
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268 Use cog_ to inject a usage message into a reStructuredText_ file.
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269
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270 :param module_name: The name of the module whose ``__doc__`` attribute is
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271 the source of the usage message (a string).
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272
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273 This simple wrapper around :func:`render_usage()` makes it very easy to
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274 inject a reformatted usage message into your documentation using cog_. To
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275 use it you add a fragment like the following to your ``*.rst`` file::
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276
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277 .. [[[cog
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278 .. from humanfriendly.usage import inject_usage
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279 .. inject_usage('humanfriendly.cli')
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280 .. ]]]
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281 .. [[[end]]]
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282
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283 The lines in the fragment above are single line reStructuredText_ comments
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284 that are not copied to the output. Their purpose is to instruct cog_ where
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285 to inject the reformatted usage message. Once you've added these lines to
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286 your ``*.rst`` file, updating the rendered usage message becomes really
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287 simple thanks to cog_:
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288
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289 .. code-block:: sh
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290
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291 $ cog.py -r README.rst
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292
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293 This will inject or replace the rendered usage message in your
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294 ``README.rst`` file with an up to date copy.
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295
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296 .. _cog: http://nedbatchelder.com/code/cog/
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297 """
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298 import cog
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299 usage_text = import_module(module_name).__doc__
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300 cog.out("\n" + render_usage(usage_text) + "\n\n")
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301
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302
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303 def render_paragraph(paragraph, meta_variables):
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304 # Reformat the "Usage:" line to highlight "Usage:" in bold and show the
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305 # remainder of the line as pre-formatted text.
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306 if paragraph.startswith(USAGE_MARKER):
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307 tokens = paragraph.split()
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308 return "**%s** `%s`" % (tokens[0], ' '.join(tokens[1:]))
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309 # Reformat the "Supported options:" line to highlight it in bold.
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310 if paragraph == 'Supported options:':
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311 return "**%s**" % paragraph
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312 # Reformat shell transcripts into code blocks.
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313 if re.match(r'^\s*\$\s+\S', paragraph):
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314 # Split the paragraph into lines.
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315 lines = paragraph.splitlines()
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316 # Check if the paragraph is already indented.
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317 if not paragraph[0].isspace():
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318 # If the paragraph isn't already indented we'll indent it now.
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319 lines = [' %s' % line for line in lines]
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320 lines.insert(0, '.. code-block:: sh')
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321 lines.insert(1, '')
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322 return "\n".join(lines)
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323 # The following reformatting applies only to paragraphs which are not
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324 # indented. Yes this is a hack - for now we assume that indented paragraphs
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325 # are code blocks, even though this assumption can be wrong.
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326 if not paragraph[0].isspace():
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327 # Change UNIX style `quoting' so it doesn't trip up DocUtils.
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328 paragraph = re.sub("`(.+?)'", r'"\1"', paragraph)
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329 # Escape asterisks.
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330 paragraph = paragraph.replace('*', r'\*')
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331 # Reformat inline tokens.
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332 paragraph = replace_special_tokens(
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333 paragraph, meta_variables,
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334 lambda token: '``%s``' % token,
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335 )
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336 return paragraph
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337
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338
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339 def replace_special_tokens(text, meta_variables, replace_fn):
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340 return USAGE_PATTERN.sub(functools.partial(
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341 replace_tokens_callback,
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342 meta_variables=meta_variables,
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343 replace_fn=replace_fn
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344 ), text)
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345
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346
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347 def replace_tokens_callback(match, meta_variables, replace_fn):
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348 token = match.group(0)
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349 if not (re.match('^[A-Z][A-Z0-9_]+$', token) and token not in meta_variables):
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350 token = replace_fn(token)
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351 return token